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Organophosphorus compounds in respect of increasing fire safety requirements

von Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Otto Mauerer

Flame retardant products are gaining in importance. More and more application fields require flame retardant materials. Driven by new and more severe fire test standards the technical and legal requirements for materials and their additives are becoming more and more severe. From an increasingly broader and demanding use of flame retardants also result economic requirements for the additives. In respect of flame retardants this means that beside the flame retardance many other properties become important and have to be considered during product selection, e.g. smoke density, smoke toxicity, volatility, processability and cost effectiveness have to be kept in mind for any flame retardant application.

Halogen-free organophosphorus compounds, e.g. phosphates and phosphonates, represent a product class which can cope with these challenges. The paper provides an overview of the most commonly used products of this flame retardant category and highlights their chemical and technical characteristics. The most important of many different applications of these versatile organic phosphorus compounds are presented. A couple of typical examples of applications demonstrate the efficiency and special advantages of the products in different polymers. Additionally some developmental products and product combinations whose capabilities enable them to meet the new, more stringent requirements more competently are described.